SELECT
    [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
      [HIGH_PRIORITY]
      [STRAIGHT_JOIN]
      [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
      [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
    select_expr [, select_expr ...]
    [FROM table_references
    [WHERE where_condition]
    [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
    [HAVING where_condition]
    [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ...]
    [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
    [PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
    [INTO OUTFILE 'file_name' export_options
      | INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
      | INTO var_name [, var_name]]
    [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]
 
SELECT t1.name, t2.salary FROM employee AS t1, info AS t2
  WHERE t1.name = t2.name;
 
SELECT t1.name, t2.salary FROM employee t1, info t2
  WHERE t1.name = t2.name;
SELECT college, region, seed FROM tournament
  ORDER BY 2, 3;
SELECT COUNT(col1) AS col2 FROM t GROUP BY col2 HAVING col2 = 2;

INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
    [INTO] tbl_name
    [PARTITION (partition_name,...)] 
    [(col_name,...)]
    {VALUES | VALUE} ({expr | DEFAULT},...),(...),...
    [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
      col_name=expr
        [, col_name=expr] ... ]
 
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
    [INTO] tbl_name
    [PARTITION (partition_name,...)]
    SET col_name={expr | DEFAULT}, ...
    [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
      col_name=expr
        [, col_name=expr] ... ]
 
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
    [INTO] tbl_name
    [PARTITION (partition_name,...)] 
    [(col_name,...)]
    SELECT ...
    [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
      col_name=expr
        [, col_name=expr] ... ]
 
INSERT INTO tbl_name (col1,col2) VALUES(col2*2,15);
INSERT INTO tbl_name (a,b,c) VALUES(1,2,3),(4,5,6),(7,8,9);
insert into Citylist (cityname) VALUES ('St. John\'s')
 
INSERT INTO t2 (b, c)
VALUES ((SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b='Chip'), 'shoulder'),
((SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b='Chip'), 'old block'),
((SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b='John'), 'toilet'),
((SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b='John'), 'long,silver'),
((SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b='John'), 'li''l');

UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference
    SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
    [WHERE where_condition]
    [ORDER BY ...]
    [LIMIT row_count]
 
//examples
UPDATE t1 SET col1 = col1 + 1, col2 = col1;
UPDATE items,month SET items.price=month.price
WHERE items.id=month.id;

CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
    [(create_definition,...)]
    [table_options]
    select_statement
 
create_definition:
    col_name column_definition
  | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
        [index_type]
  | {INDEX|KEY} [index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
        [index_type]
  | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY]
        [index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
        [index_type]
  | {FULLTEXT|SPATIAL} [INDEX|KEY] [index_name] (index_col_name,...)
        [index_type]
  | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY
        [index_name] (index_col_name,...) reference_definition
  | CHECK (expr)
 
column_definition:
    data_type [NOT NULL | NULL] [DEFAULT default_value]
      [AUTO_INCREMENT] [UNIQUE [KEY] | [PRIMARY] KEY]
      [COMMENT 'string'] [reference_definition]
 
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `s chema`.`Employee` (
`idEmployee` V ARCHAR(45) NOT NULL ,
`Name` V ARCHAR(255) NULL ,
`idAddresses` V ARCHAR(45) NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`idEmployee`) ,
CONSTRAINT `fkEmployee_Addresses`
FOREIGN KEY `fkEmployee_Addresses` (`idAddresses`)
REFERENCES `s chema`.`Addresses` (`idAddresses`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET = utf8
COLLATE = utf8_bin

GRANT
    priv_type [(column_list)]
      [, priv_type [(column_list)]] ...
    ON [object_type] priv_level
    TO user_specification [, user_specification] ...
    [REQUIRE {NONE | ssl_option [[AND] ssl_option] ...}]
    [WITH with_option ...]
 
CREATE USER 'jeffrey'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypass';
GRANT ALL ON db1.* TO 'jeffrey'@'localhost';
GRANT SELECT ON db2.invoice TO 'jeffrey'@'localhost';
GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jeffrey'@'localhost' WITH MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR 90;
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'someuser'@'somehost';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON *.* TO 'someuser'@'somehost';
 
GRANT ALL ON mydb.* TO 'someuser'@'somehost';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON mydb.* TO 'someuser'@'somehost';
GRANT SELECT (col1), INSERT (col1,col2) ON mydb.mytbl TO 'someuser'@'somehost';

operand comparison_operator ANY (subquery)
operand IN (subquery)
operand comparison_operator SOME (subquery)
 
SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 > ANY ( SELECT s1 FROM t2);
SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 = ANY ( SELECT s1 FROM t2);
SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 IN    ( SELECT s1 FROM t2);
SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 <> ANY  ( SELECT s1 FROM t2);
SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 <> SOME ( SELECT s1 FROM t2);
 
/*ALL, which must follow a comparison operator, means return TRUE if the comparison is TRUE for ALL of the values in the column that the subquery returns.*/
SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 > ALL ( SELECT s1 FROM t2);
SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 > ALL ( SELECT MAX(s1) FROM t2);
 
//same expressions
SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 <> ALL ( SELECT s1 FROM t2);
SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 NOT IN ( SELECT s1 FROM t2);

SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE 'b%';
SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE '_____';//contain 5 chars
SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP '^b';//beginning with “b”